{"id":2198,"date":"2014-11-21T22:25:25","date_gmt":"2014-11-22T00:25:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.viazap.com.br\/?p=2198"},"modified":"2014-11-21T22:25:25","modified_gmt":"2014-11-22T00:25:25","slug":"criando-um-servidor-de-dns-local-com-o-bind-no-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/?p=2198","title":{"rendered":"Criando um servidor de dns local com o bind no debian"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mas a\u00ed voc\u00ea se pergunta: O que \u00e9 DNS?<\/p>\n

O DNS \u00e9 o banco de dados distribu\u00eddo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es de nome para endere\u00e7o IP. Tecnicamente n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio usar nomes de host e de dom\u00ednio, como www.meudominio.com.br, porque \u00e9 o endere\u00e7o IP que o computador usa para estabelecer comunica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

O DNS foi criado para permitir o uso de nomes de dom\u00ednios mais convenientes. Por exemplo, quando o usu\u00e1rio digita um nome DNS como parte de uma URL em um navegador, a parte do nome \u00e9 enviada para o servidor DNS para que seja resolvido em um endere\u00e7o IP. Uma vez encontrado o endere\u00e7o, ele \u00e9 usado para se reescrever a URL e obter diretamente a p\u00e1gina web.<\/p>\n

Um dos servidores DNS mais conhecido \u00e9 o Bind. Nesse exemplo estaremos usando o Bind9, que \u00e9 uma vers\u00e3o mais atualizada e mais segura deste software.<\/p>\n

O primeiro passo \u00e9 instalar o Bind:<\/p>\n

# apt-get install bind9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agora com o Bind instalado, vamos conhecer e configurar os arquivos usados por ele:<\/p>\n

Arquivos de configura\u00e7\u00e3o DNS:<\/p>\n

Edite seu resolv.conf para ele fazer a busca do DNS local:<\/p>\n

# vim \/etc\/resolv.conf<\/strong><\/p>\n

Este arquivo lista os endere\u00e7os IP dos servidores de nomes:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
nameserver 127.0.0.1<\/code><\/div>\n
nameserver 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Agora vamos configurar os arquivos do Bind:<\/p>\n

# vim \/etc\/bind\/named.conf.local<\/strong><\/p>\n

Este arquivo \u00e9 onde voc\u00ea indicar\u00e1 em que caminho estar\u00e3o suas zonas. Edite-o e inclua estas linhas:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n
7<\/div>\n
8<\/div>\n
9<\/div>\n
10<\/div>\n
11<\/div>\n
12<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
## minhas zonas ##<\/code><\/div>\n
zone <\/code>\"meudominio.com.br\"<\/code>{<\/code><\/div>\n
type<\/code> master;<\/code><\/div>\n
file<\/code> \"db.meudominio.com.br\"<\/code>;<\/code><\/div>\n
};<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
## reverso da rede 192.168.254.0<\/code><\/div>\n
zone <\/code>\"254.168.192.in-addr.arpa\"<\/code>{<\/code><\/div>\n
type<\/code> master;<\/code><\/div>\n
file<\/code> \"db.254.168.192\"<\/code>;<\/code><\/div>\n
};<\/code><\/div>\n
## fim das minhas zonas ##<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Agora criaremos os arquivos db.meudominio.com.br e db.254.168.192:<\/p>\n

Dentro do diret\u00f3rio \/etc\/bind existe um arquivo db.local que poderemos copiar para fazermos nosso db.meudominio.com.br. Como root execute:<\/p>\n

# cd \/etc\/bind<\/strong>
\n# touch \/var\/cache\/bind\/db.meudominio.com.br<\/strong>
\n# cat db.local > \/var\/cache\/bind\/db.meudominio.com.br<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agora edite o seu arquivo \/var\/cache\/bind\/db.meudominio.com.br para ficar assim:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n
7<\/div>\n
8<\/div>\n
9<\/div>\n
10<\/div>\n
11<\/div>\n
12<\/div>\n
13<\/div>\n
14<\/div>\n
15<\/div>\n
16<\/div>\n
17<\/div>\n
18<\/div>\n
19<\/div>\n
20<\/div>\n
21<\/div>\n
22<\/div>\n
23<\/div>\n
24<\/div>\n
25<\/div>\n
26<\/div>\n
27<\/div>\n
28<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
; BIND zone <\/code>file<\/code> for<\/code> home.lan<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
$TTL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3D<\/code><\/div>\n
@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SOA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ns.meudominio.com.br.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 root.meudominio.com.br. (<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>01\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; serial<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>8H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; refresh<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>2H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; retry<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>4W\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; expire<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>1D )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; minimum<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ns\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; Inet address of name server<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>MX\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10 mail\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; Primary mail exchanger<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
; Necessario para funfar<\/code><\/div>\n
ns\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
; Hosts Reais<\/code><\/div>\n
www\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n
ftp<\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n
smtp\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n
imap\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 192.168.254.1<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
gateway\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CNAME\u00a0\u00a0 router<\/code><\/div>\n
gw\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CNAME\u00a0\u00a0 router<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ainda como root, crie o db reverso de sua rede:<\/p>\n

# touch \/var\/cache\/bind\/db.254.168.192<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edite o arquivo para que fique assim:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n
7<\/div>\n
8<\/div>\n
9<\/div>\n
10<\/div>\n
11<\/div>\n
12<\/div>\n
13<\/div>\n
14<\/div>\n
15<\/div>\n
16<\/div>\n
17<\/div>\n
18<\/div>\n
19<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
; BIND zone <\/code>file<\/code> for<\/code> 192.168.1.xxx<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
$TTL\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3D<\/code><\/div>\n
@\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SOA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ns.home.lan.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 root.home.lan. (<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>2010111101\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; serial<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>8H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; refresh<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>2H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; retry<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>4W\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; expire<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>1D )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; minimum<\/code><\/div>\n
;<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>NS\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ns.meudominio.com.br.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ; Nameserver address<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PTR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 server.meudominio.com.br.<\/code><\/div>\n
100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PTR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ns.meudominio.com.br.<\/code><\/div>\n
100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PTR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mail.meudominio.com.br.<\/code><\/div>\n
101\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PTR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 virtual.meudominio.com.br.<\/code><\/div>\n
1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PTR\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 router.meudominio.com.br.<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Agora vamos editar o arquivo named.conf.options<\/p>\n

# vim \/etc\/bind\/named.conf.options<\/strong><\/p>\n

Deixe-o assim:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n
\n
1<\/div>\n
2<\/div>\n
3<\/div>\n
4<\/div>\n
5<\/div>\n
6<\/div>\n
7<\/div>\n
8<\/div>\n
9<\/div>\n
10<\/div>\n
11<\/div>\n
12<\/div>\n
13<\/div>\n
14<\/div>\n
15<\/div>\n
16<\/div>\n
17<\/div>\n
18<\/div>\n
19<\/div>\n
20<\/div>\n
21<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\n
options {<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>directory <\/code>\"\/var\/cache\/bind\"<\/code>;<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> to talk to, you may need to fix the firewall to allow multiple<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> ports to talk.\u00a0 See http:<\/code>\/\/www<\/code>.kb.cert.org<\/code>\/vuls\/id\/800113<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> If your ISP provided one or <\/code>more<\/code> IP addresses <\/code>for<\/code> stable<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> nameservers, you probably want to use them as forwarders.<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> the all-0's placeholder.<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> Security options<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.254.1; };<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>allow-query { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.254.0<\/code>\/24<\/code>; };<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>allow-recursion { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.254.0<\/code>\/24<\/code>; };<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>allow-transfer { none; };<\/code><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>auth-nxdomain no;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/code># conform to RFC1035<\/code><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>\/\/<\/code> listen-on-v6 { any; };<\/code><\/div>\n
};<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Feito isso reinicie seu bind:<\/p>\n

# \/etc\/init.d\/bind9 restart<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agora j\u00e1 podemos pingar internet.meudominio.com.br e mail.meudominio.com.br:<\/p>\n

# ping internet.meudominio.com.br<\/strong>
\nPING internet.meudominio.com.br (192.168.254.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
\n64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=4.86 ms
\n64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.228 ms
\n64 bytes from 192.168.254.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.229 ms<\/p>\n

Utilidades e checando configura\u00e7\u00f5es DNS:<\/p>\n

Um servidor DNS interno \u00e9 muito \u00fatil para os administradores de redes, por exemplo: se voc\u00ea tem um servidor proxy autenticado, nos navegadores dos clientes podemos usar um endere\u00e7o de proxy como internet.empresa.com.br, assim se um dia necessitar alterar o ip de seu proxy, s\u00f3 mude as configura\u00e7\u00f5es de DNS no seu db.empresa.com.br.<\/p>\n

Podemos usar alguns comandos para checar as configura\u00e7\u00f5es de seu dns.<\/p>\n

named-checkconf (verifica as configura\u00e7\u00f5es do Bind)<\/p>\n

# named-checkconf<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se n\u00e3o retornar nada \u00e9 que est\u00e1 ok.<\/p>\n

named-checkzone (verifica suas zonas):<\/p>\n

# named-checkzone zonename db.meudominio.com.br<\/strong>
\nzone zonename\/IN: loaded serial 2
\nOK<\/p>\n

Servidor DNS pronto e funcionando! Voc\u00ea j\u00e1 pode dar nomes a seus IPs, facilite seu trabalho.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mas a\u00ed voc\u00ea se pergunta: O que \u00e9 DNS? O DNS \u00e9 o banco de dados distribu\u00eddo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es de nome para endere\u00e7o IP. Tecnicamente n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio usar nomes de host e de dom\u00ednio, como www.meudominio.com.br, porque \u00e9 o endere\u00e7o IP que o computador usa para estabelecer comunica\u00e7\u00e3o. O DNS foi criado para permitir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,730,42,51,495,68,271,548],"tags":[771,349,770,353,17,215,216,361,698,72,370],"class_list":["post-2198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-viazap","category-clusterweb","category-leitura-recomendada","category-linux-linuxrs","category-profissional-de-ti","category-redes-2","category-seguranca-2","category-ubuntu-2","tag-bind","tag-com","tag-criando","tag-de","tag-debian","tag-dns","tag-local","tag-no","tag-o","tag-servidor","tag-um"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2198"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2199,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2198\/revisions\/2199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}