{"id":614,"date":"2013-10-02T02:04:48","date_gmt":"2013-10-02T05:04:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.viazap.com.br\/?p=614"},"modified":"2013-10-02T11:46:36","modified_gmt":"2013-10-02T14:46:36","slug":"configuracao-de-um-ospf-com-mikrotik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.clusterweb.com.br\/?p=614","title":{"rendered":"Configura\u00e7\u00e3o de um OSPF com Mikrotik"},"content":{"rendered":"

http:\/\/youtu.be\/6nBWmQV4vuE<\/a><\/p>\n

Exemplo de rede consiste de tr\u00eas roteadores conectados na rede 10.10.1.0\/24 e cada roteador tem tamb\u00e9m uma rede conectada adicional.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Neste exemplo seguintes endere\u00e7os IP s\u00e3o configurados:<\/p>\n

R1:<\/p>\n

\n

[admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.1\/30 interface=ether1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0[admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.5\/30 interface=ether2<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0[admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=210.13.1.0\/28 interface=ether3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

R2:<\/p>\n

\n

[admin@MikroTikR2]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.6\/30 interface=ether1<\/p>\n

[admin@MikroTikR2]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.9\/30 interface=ether2<\/p>\n

[admin@MikroTikR2]\/ip address add address=172.16.1.0\/16 interface=ether3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

R3:<\/p>\n

\n

[admin@MikroTikR3]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.2 \/30 interface=ether1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

[admin@MikroTikR3]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.10\/30 interface=ether2<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

[admin@MikroTikR3]\/ip address add address=192.168.1.0\/24 interface=ether3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e1 tr\u00eas elementos b\u00e1sicos de configura\u00e7\u00e3o OSPF:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u00a0Ativar inst\u00e2ncia OSPF<\/li>\n
  • \u00a0configura\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1rea OSPF<\/li>\n
  • configura\u00e7\u00e3o de rede OSPF<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Informa\u00e7\u00f5es gerais \u00e9 configurado em \/ encaminhamento de menu exemplo OSPF. Para configura\u00e7\u00f5es avan\u00e7adas OSPF, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel executar v\u00e1rias inst\u00e2ncias OSPF. Configura\u00e7\u00e3o de inst\u00e2ncia padr\u00e3o \u00e9 bom para come\u00e7ar, s\u00f3 precisamos permitir inst\u00e2ncia padr\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    R1:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf instance> add name=default<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    R2:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR2] \/routing ospf instance> add name=default<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    R3:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR3] \/routing ospf instance> add name=default<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Mostrar informa\u00e7\u00f5es da inst\u00e2ncia OSPF:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf instance> print<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Flags: X \u2013 disabled<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a00\u00a0\u00a0 name=\u201ddefault\u201d router-id=0.0.0.0 distribute-default=never<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 redistribute-connected=as-type-1 redistribute-static=as-type-1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 redistribute-rip=no redistribute-bgp=no redistribute-other-ospf=no<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 metric-default=1 metric-connected=20 metric-static=20 metric-rip=20<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 metric-bgp=auto metric-other-ospf=auto in-filter=ospf-in<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    out-filter=ospf-out<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Como voc\u00ea pode ver router-id \u00e9 0.0.0.0, isso significa que roteador ir\u00e1 utilizar um dos endere\u00e7os IP do roteador como router-id. Na maioria dos casos \u00e9 recomend\u00e1vel configurar o endere\u00e7o IP de loopback como router-id. Endere\u00e7o IP de loopback \u00e9 virtual, endere\u00e7o de software que \u00e9 usado para identifica\u00e7\u00e3o do roteador em rede. Os benef\u00edcios s\u00e3o que o endere\u00e7o de auto-retorno \u00e9 sempre para cima (ativa) e n\u00e3o pode ser para baixo como interface f\u00edsica. Protocolo OSPF usado para comunica\u00e7\u00e3o entre roteadores que identificados por router-id. Interface de loopback s\u00e3o configurados da seguinte forma:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Criar interface de ponte nomeado, por exemplo, \u201cloopback\u201d:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/interface bridge> add name=loopback<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Adicione um endere\u00e7o de ip \/32<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] > ip address add address=10.255.255.1\/32 interface=loopback<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Configure o router-id na interface loopback:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf instance> set 0 router-id=10.255.255.1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Isto pode ser feito em outros routers (R2, R3), bem.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    O pr\u00f3ximo passo \u00e9 configurar a \u00e1rea OSPF. \u00c1rea Backbone \u00e9 criado durante a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do RouterOS e configura\u00e7\u00e3o adicional n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Nota: Lembre-se de que a \u00e1rea de backbone-id \u00e9 sempre (zero) 0.0.0.0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

     <\/p>\n

    E o \u00faltimo passo \u00e9 adicionar rede \u00e0 determinada \u00e1rea OSPF.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Em R1<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf network> add network=210.13.1.0\/28 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf network> add network=10.10.1.0\/30 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf network> add network=10.10.1.4\/30 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Em vez de digitar em cada rede, voc\u00ea pode agregar redes usando m\u00e1scara de sub-rede adequada. Por exemplo, para agregar 10.10.1.0\/30, 10.10.1.4\/30, 10.10.1.8\/30 redes, voc\u00ea pode configurar seguindo rede OSPF:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf network> add network=10.10.1.0\/\u201d\u201924\u201d\u2019 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    R2:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR2] \/routing ospf network> add network=172.16.1.0\/16 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    [admin@MikroTikR2] \/routing ospf network> add network=10.10.1.0\/24 area=backbone<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    R3:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR3] \/routing ospf network> add network=192.168.1.0\/24 area=backbone<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    [admin@MikroTikR3] \/routing ospf network> add network=10.10.1.0\/24 area=backbone<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Voc\u00ea pode verificar o seu funcionamento OSPF como segue:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Olhe para o menu de interface OSPF para verificar que a entrada din\u00e2mica foi criado:<\/p>\n

    \n

    [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf interface> print<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n
    • Check your OSPF neighbors, what DR and BDR is elected and adjacencies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      [admin@MikroTikR1] \/routing ospf neighbor> print<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
      • Check router\u2019s routing table (make sure OSPF routes are present):<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        [admin@MikroTik_CE1] > ip route print<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Exemplo de rede consiste de tr\u00eas roteadores conectados na rede 10.10.1.0\/24 e cada roteador tem tamb\u00e9m uma rede conectada adicional.   Neste exemplo seguintes endere\u00e7os IP s\u00e3o configurados: R1: [admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.1\/30 interface=ether1 \u00a0[admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.5\/30 interface=ether2 \u00a0[admin@MikroTikR1]\/ip address add address=210.13.1.0\/28 interface=ether3 R2: [admin@MikroTikR2]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.6\/30 interface=ether1 [admin@MikroTikR2]\/ip address add address=10.10.1.9\/30 interface=ether2 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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